Ministers from the United Kingdom, France and Germany, the E3 group, met in Istanbul on Friday, October 23, with counterparts from the R4 – Turkiye, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan and Egypt – along with Italy, and urged diplomacy between the US and Iran instead of new attacks, according to Al Jazeera.

One of the ministers present said that “a military intervention on Iran is not in any way a solution” and that “nobody approves this at the moment”, according to Middle East Eye. A European minister warned that a further escalation between Iran and the US “would create nothing but losers” and would have very serious consequences for hydrocarbon prices.